India’s e-Commerce market – deep or skin-deep?

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The Indian e-Commerce market is not growing as fast as companies want it to.



India’s e-Commerce market – deep or skin-deep?


Global companies have had high hopes from Indian e-Commerce markets. However, as years pass by, strange facts are emerging. Total e commerce sales in India in 2016 were $ 14.5 billion (approx) which is unchanged from 2015. The market is not growing at the pace everyone had expected. This makes things dangerous for Indian players who do not have deep pockets, and not too easy even for the Americans and Chinese. Earlier bullish estimates for 2020 were $ 60 – 100 billion. It is impossible as we are already in 2017. Some clear trends – all players have over-estimated India’s e-comm. potential. Anyone who thinks Indian market will rival China’s, in size, is mistaken. It will take 15-20 yrs for that to happen. Even in those 15 years, if the GDP grows at 7 to 9 % per annum, only then will that happen.

What are Amazon’s numbers globally? In all, it did $ 100 billion in 11 nations, in 2015. Of which, Germany was $ 11.8 billion. For India, it was $ 4 billion (all figures approximate). So how long can it hold on here? The Chinese are smart. Amazon is bleeding in China, with local players including Alibaba making it tough. It is only in India that everyone is falling flat for it, questioning and criticising our own Indian players! India remains the last big hope hope for Amazon. If it works here, it will be a proof that the Amazon model works outside its traditional markets (rich Western world). But no matter what Amazon does here, India will be a small market in its gross sales due to Indian market’s very small size. There are some fundamental questions about India that pop up, for an open mind – (a) Why is our per capita income not growing as fast? (b) Why is our market not going online at a high pace? (c) Why are perceptions so different from hard financial numbers? (d) How many years / decades before we make it?


भारत का ई-वाणिज्य बाजार - गहरा है या केवल सतही?


वैश्विक कंपनियों को भारतीय इ-कॉमर्स बाजार से काफी आशाएं हैं किन्तु जैसे जैसे वर्ष बीतते जा रहे हैं, अजीब आंकड़े आ रहे हैं। वर्ष 2016 में भारत की कुल ई-वाणिज्य बिक्री 14.5 अरब डॉलर (लगभग) थी जो वर्ष 2015 से अपरिवर्तित है। बाजार में उस प्रकार की वृद्धि नहीं हो रही है जैसी सब ने कल्पना की थी। यह भारतीय खिलाडियों के लिए स्थिति को खतरनाक बनाता है जिनकी पूंजीगत क्षमता अधिक नहीं है, और वैसे यह अमेरिकियों और चीनियों के लिए भी आसान नहीं है। वर्ष 2020 के लिए किये गए पूर्व के तेजी संबंधी अनुमान 60 - 100 अरब डॉलर थे। इन्हें प्राप्त करना असंभव है क्योंकि हम 2017 में तो प्रवेश कर चुके हैं। कुछ स्पष्ट रुझान - सभी खिलाडियों ने भारत की ई-वाणिज्य क्षमता के अतिरंजित अनुमान लगाए थे। जिस किसी को भी ऐसा लगता है कि भारतीय बाजार आकार में चीन के साथ प्रतिद्वंद्विता करेंगे, वे सभी गलत हैं। ऐसा होने के लिए 15 से 20 वर्ष लगेंगे। उन 15 वर्षों में भी यदि जीडीपी में 7 प्रतिशत से 9 प्रतिशत की दर से वृद्धि होती है तभी ऐसा हो पाएगा

विश्व में अमेज़न के बिक्री आंकड़े क्या हैं? २०१५ में, ११ देशों में उसने कुल १०० अरब डॉलरों का व्यापार किया। इसमें से, जर्मनी ११. अरब डॉलर था
 भारत में ये आंकड़ा ४ अरब डॉलर था (सभी आंकड़े अनुमानित) तो वो यहाँ कब तक पकड़ बनाये रख पायेगा? चीनी चतुर हैं चीन में एमेजन काफी घाटे में हैजहाँ अलीबाबा सहित अन्य स्थानीय खिलाडी उसके लिए कठिनाइयाँ पैदा कर रहे हैं। एमेजन के लिए भारत ही अंतिम बड़ी आशा है। यदि वह यहाँ काम करता है, तो यह साबित हो जाएगा कि एमेजन का मॉडल अपने पारंपरिक बाजारों (समृद्ध पश्चिमी विश्व) के बाहर भी काम कर सकता है। एमेजन चाहे कुछ भी करे सकल बिक्री में भारत का बाजार छोटा ही रहेगा क्योंकि भारतीय बाजार का आकार बहुत छोटा है। एक खुले दिमाग के लिए भारत की दृष्टि से कुछ बुनियादी प्रश्न उभरकर सामने आते हैं - (ए) हमारी प्रति व्यक्ति आय उतनी तेजी से क्यों नहीं बढ़ रही है? (बी) हमारा बाजार तेज गति से ऑनलाइन क्यों नहीं हो रहा है?, (सी) ठोस वित्तीय आंकड़ों की तुलना में अवधारणाए इतनी अलग क्यों हैं?, (डी) हमें उस स्तर पर पहुँचने के लिए कितने वर्ष/दशक लगेंगे?

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Bodhi Saar: India’s e-Commerce market – deep or skin-deep?
India’s e-Commerce market – deep or skin-deep?
The Indian e-Commerce market is not growing as fast as companies want it to.
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